Metal halide perovskites are promising for next-generation high-efficiency photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices due to excellent tunable properties and solution processability. Recent fabrication techniques (such as spin coating, blade coating, and slot-die coating) have boosted perovskite solar cell power conversion efficiency (PCE) to record levels but face limitations in large-area manufacturing, deposition on complex or curved surfaces, and in-situ fabrication.
Confined crystallization strategy improves spray-coated perovskite device performance
